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Did you know?
- The stomach of crocodile has a size of football ball, he eats little, but many times per day.
- Hippo weights 3,2 tones and is one of the heaviest land mammals.
- Giraffe is one of the rare animals that have horns at birth.
- The elephants walk on tiptoe, because under their heel they have thick layer of fat.
- The biggest snakes of the world can eat a human in one time and a meal lasts for one year.
- Flamingos get the color of their feathers because of their specific nutrition.
- African elephant can run faster then a human and can walk several hours without any rest.
- In first year of hippo’s life 45% of them die.
- Shark is swimming with average speed of 3km/h and maximum speed of 95 km/h.
- Giraffe has a same number of vertebrae like most of the mammals, but theirs are much longer.
- Bushbabies got a name because of their sounds that reminded first explorers of crying babies.
- Elephants communicate through vibrations that they make by hitting the ground with their feet.
- Most of the elephants sleep standing and only 2-3 hours per day.
- Hippo can stay 5 minutes under the water-surface and can even run on the bottom of the lake.
- The biggest known shark in the world was 13 meters long and had 15 tones
- Leopard likes to drink water everyday, but he can stay without it up to one month.
- Wild elephant can eat 230 kg of food and drink 125 liters of water per day sometimes at once.
- Near relative of African ostrich is South American nandu and Australian emus.
- Ostrich, zebra and giraffe can kill with their kick even the mighty lion.
- Turtles, birds and crocs like to rest on the backs of hippos.
- African tribes are hunting bushbabies by leaving a palm wine in the forest and collecting drunk animals from it.
- Warthog can run 50 km/h and they are very skillful to defend themselves.
- The head of the rhino weights 200 kg.
- Black leopard or Panther was first considered as different species, but in same family can be puppies of normal and black colour.
- The biggest turtle in the world is belonging to the species of leatherback and weights 752 kg.
- The grey rat is living everywhere in the world except polar countries. One couple can have up to 800 babies in just one year.
- Insect-eating bats produce ultrasound of very high frequency, with echoes that bounce back, they get all necessary information.
- One of the most shamefaced animals in area of high and low tide is octopus.
- The longest recorded jump of bushbaby from one branch to another was more then 7 meters.
- From 1830 on each year 10 to 30 thousand slaves were sold at slave market on Zanzibar.
- Coconut palm can live up to 100 years but can reproduce only 20 years.
- Warthog’s only enemies are lion and leopard.
- In darkness leopard can see 6 times and hear 2 times better then human.
- Monkey species of red colobus are living only in forest Jozani on Zanzibar Island.
- Cheetahs are running 120 km/h, but only 20 seconds. This is still enough for successful hunting.
- Insectivorous bats obtain most of the water they need from their prey, cave bats can lick up condensation.
General facts
Official name: United Republic of Tanzania
Capital: Dodoma
National Anthem: God bless Africa
National Motto: Freedom and Unity
National holiday: Union Day (Tanganyika and Zanzibar), 26 April (1961)
Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique
Total area: 945.000 km² (slightly more then 2 times California)
Coastline: 1,424 km
Population: 37,6 millions (july 2007)
Ethnic groups: 99% Africans (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), 1% Asian, European and Arab; Zanzibar- Arab, African, mixed Arab and African
Population growth rate: 2% in a year 2007
Life expectancy at birth: 50.7 years
Official languages: swahili, English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education)
Literacy: 69,4% of total population
Religion: 40% christians, 35% muslims, 20% indigenous beliefs
Largest city: Dar es Salaam (also economical, cultural, political center of the country)
Government type: republic
Independence: 26 April 1961
Economy: Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy depends heavily on agriculture, which accounts for almost half of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 80% of the work force.
GDB per capita: 800$ (2006)
GDB by sector: 43,2% agriculture, 18% industry, 39% services (2006)
Natural resources: hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel
Industry: agricultural processing; diamond, gold, and iron mining, salt, cement, oil refining, shoes, wood products, fertilizer, tourism
Agriculture products: coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves, corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats
Export: gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton
Export partners: China 8.8%, India 8.8%, Netherlands 6.2%, Japan 5.3%, Germany 4.2% (2006)
Import: consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials
Import partners: South Africa 9.8%, China 9.4%, Kenya 7.8%, India 6.8%, UAE 5.9%, Zambia 5.7% (2006)
Natural hazards: flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought
Highest peak: Kilimanjaro (5895 m)
Climate: from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
Currency: Tanzanian shilling (TZS)
Exchange rate: 1$ = 1160 Tsh, 1€ = 1680 Tsh
Time zone: GMT plus 3 hours




